Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2021 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
The generalization of the Anderson-Darling (AD) test under neutrosophic statistics is presented in this paper. We present the designing and operating procedure of neutrosophic Anderson-Darling when the quality of interest follows the neutrosophic normal distribution. The application of the proposed test is given using data from the renewable energy field. From the analysis of the data, it is concluded that the proposed test is effective and information to be applied when the data is recorded from the complex system in the renewable energy field....
When they were first conceived, solar cooling systems were designed to be cost-effective and environmentally safe alternatives for the majority of the developing nations that are characterised by their hot climates in contrast with the traditional air conditioning systems powered by electricity that is produced from fossil fuel resources. Nevertheless, developments in photovoltaic (PV) and air-conditioning technologies have impacted on the prospects of solar cooling systems. This study examined two different options: a coupled PV and air conditioner system and a solar cooling system (absorption chillers where thermal energy is provided by solar collectors) for a specific developing country located in the Eastern Mediterranean region whose climate is hot and dry (Jordan). The cooling system comprised a pair of cooled multistage compression, both of which were 700 kW, while the PV system’s size was 2.1 MWp, the utility grid connection was a 0.4 kV 50 Hz net meter (2 meters) and it was anticipated that 3300 MWh/year would be generated. The solar cooling system operated at a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.79 and had an actual recorded COP of 0.32 on the site; when the electricity tariff of $0.1/kWh was considered, the respective levelised cost of energy (LCOE) values were $0.9/kWh and $2.35/kWh respectively. The findings indicate that the initial costs for the solar thermal cooling system and the PV system were approximately $3.150M and $3M, respectively. The current value of future cash payments when discounts of 6% per year were applied to the payments for the combination of PV and air conditioning was about $9,745,000, whereas the solar thermal cooling system will not reach the breakeven point at negative $1,730,000. It is clear the absorption chiller did not display economic feasibility, whereas the value for the coupled PV and air-conditioning systems was under $0.05/kWh. In addition to the extensive maintenance needs, the reduced COP and the practicality and feasibility of the solar thermal cooling systems mean these kinds of technologies are under significant pressure to remain competitive when faced with the development of new air conditioning and PV technologies....
With the rising population, environmental pollution, and social development, potable water is reducing and being contaminated day by day continually. Thus, several researchers have focused their studies on seas and oceans in order to get potable fresh water by desalination of their saltwater. Solar still of basin type is one of the available technologies to purify water because of free solar energy. The computational fluid dynamic CFD model of the solar still can significantly improve means for optimization of the solar still structure because it reduces the need for conducting large amount of experiments. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is presenting a multi-phase, three-dimensional CFD model, which predicts the performance of the solar still without using any experimental measurements, depending on the CFD solar radiation model. Simulated results are compared with experimental values of water and glass cover temperatures and yield of fresh water in climate conditions of Sheben El-Kom, Egypt (latitude 30.5◦ N and longitude 31.01◦ E). The simulation results were found to be in acceptable agreement with the experimental measured data. The results indicated that the daily simulated and experimental accumulated productivities of the single-slope solar still were found to be 1.982 and 1.785 L/m2 at a water depth of 2 cm. In addition, the simulated and experimental daily efficiency were around 16.79% and 15.5%, respectively, for the tested water depth....
The management of clean energy is usually the key for environmental, economic, and sustainable developments. In the meantime, the energy management system (EMS) ensures the clean energy which includes many sources grouped in a small power plant such as microgrid (MG). In this case, the forecasting methods are used for helping the EMS and allow the high efficiency to the clean energy. The aim of this review paper is providing the necessary data about the basic principles and standards of photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting by stating numerous research studies carried out on the PV power forecasting topic specifically in the shortterm time horizon which is advantageous for the EMS and grid operator. At the same time, this contribution can offer a state of the art in different methods and approaches used for PV power forecasting along with a careful study of different time and spatial horizons. Furthermore, this current review paper can support the tenders in the PV power forecasting....
In the free-space optical (FSO) communication system, alignment and coupling are key issues. In this work, we adopt a PIN photodiode board as the new receiver to address this question. Firstly, with rapid thermochemical vapor deposition (RTCVD) and solar cell technology, the PIN photodiode board is manufactured. Then, using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), the microphotographs of the PIN photodiode are taken. After that, the PIN board is arranged as a new receiver in the FSO system to do a bit error rate (BER) experiment. In total, we have carried out 4 groups of experiments. The BERs of the ordinary receiver are as follows: (10−8.5, 10−8, 10−8, and 10−7.9) and that of the new receiver is (10−9.2, 10−9.1, 10−9.1, and 10−9), respectively. It means the BER of the new receiver is lower. In other words, the new receiver performs better....
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